Bladder cancer is not one of the most common types of cancer. However, just like any type of malignant tumour it can be lethal, unless diagnosed and treated on time. That is why it is definitely worthwhile to learn more about the condition.

Bladder cancer is defined as the growth of cancer cells in this part of the urinary tract. As these abnormal cells multiply, they create a malignant tumour. Researchers have not yet discovered what causes this disease. What they know is that changes in the DNA of normal cells occur.

For this reason, even though exact causes are not identified, some risk factors for the development of the condition have been identified. Exposure to radiation and dangerous chemicals can put you at higher risk. Smokers and individuals over 40 years of age are also more likely to develop the condition. Men and Caucasians are also at higher risk. An unhealthy diet that contains a lot of fats is another bladder risk factor. Some parasites that can enter the bladder can cause a condition which may increase your chances of getting this disease. However, this condition rarely occurs in developed countries.

There are not many bladder cancer symptoms. The most typical one is the presence of blood in the urine. This signal is alarming enough for people to see a doctor instantly. In turn, this condition is often diagnosed in the early stage of its development. Other symptoms may include frequent urination and pain during urination. These are associated with other conditions as well, so if you have them it is best to see a doctor quickly.

Diagnosis includes testing of the urine to confirm the presence of blood cells and abnormal cells. Then the doctor carries out cystoscopy. A tiny tube is inserted into the bladder so that the doctor can examine it closely. In order to confirm the presence of a malignant tumour, the doctor has to perform a biopsy. A small sample of cells from the bladder is taken for testing, so that any cancer cells can be identified.

The bladder cancer treatment starts with a surgery. Part of or the whole bladder is removed. It is now possible for doctors to make a new bladder using other body tissues. After surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and often immunotherapy are used for treatment.

It is common for bladder cancer to reoccur. For this reason follow up checks are an indispensable part of the treatment process.

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